My $0.02:
I would guess that the limitation of AI in the stated environment, that is hearing in noise, will be a challenge (to say the least).
Most noise cancelling products do well eliminating constant frequency noises, like jet engines, tires on the highway, air conditioners, etc. No AI involved (usually) just electronics using feedback.
Like many, the noise I want most to overcome is unwanted voices in the background. Not much different than I wanted 65 years ago. So, if AI can remove all voices, how will I hear my wife? Hmmm, maybe some possibilities there.
In my simple mind (I did programming in the past), AI would have to have “bad” voices in a model (file) or “good” voices in the model or both. Perhaps I could record the good guys in my model and let only those pass through. Then add other unwanted sounds. So we would have to funnel the incoming sounds into a process that would take enough of a clip to compare it to the sounds in the model so as to make the “decision”.
We do similar with surveillance camera AI. If you want to recognize persons in a video camera stream, you have to have a model of thousands of persons in thousands of poses. So, the software looks at the first few frames and, if there is a person in the wanted zone of the image, it records an alert. Otherwise, it cancels it. Alas, although very accurate for all sorts of objects (animals, people, vehicles, etc), the time for analysis is usually over 100 milliseconds. We add the use of the graphics processor on the video card to improve significantly. Facial recognition adds a lot more.
Doing that, via Bluetooth, to a processor or smartphone could be challenging. Too much latency for live listening, I would think. Not sure. Wonder who is working on something like that?
Sounds like Whisper had the beginnings of the idea but (maybe) couldn’t find the technology. Just a WAG. Maybe they could have run wires from the HA’s to the brick, er brain?
My grandfather had a “brain” hanging around his neck connected to a single earpiece by a large pair of wires (1948). State of the art at the time.
Oh, our surveillance camera AI still thinks the neighbor’s cat, including his shadow from a night light, is a person. Angers the cat.